Is Sumatra Coffee Good? Uncovering Its Rich Flavor & Quality

by Coffee Shrubs
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Are you ready for an extraordinary coffee adventure? Journey with us to the Indonesian island of Sumatra, where the unique flavors of Sumatra coffee captivate the palates of coffee enthusiasts around the globe. In this blog post, you’ll discover the secrets behind its earthy undertones, spicy nuances, and sweet complexity, and learn how wet hulling, sustainable farming, and fair trade practices contribute to its exceptional taste. Ready to unravel the mysteries of Sumatra coffee and find out, “is Sumatra coffee good?” Let’s dive right in!

Sumatra coffee beans on a wooden table
Sumatra coffee beans on a wooden table

The Unique Taste of Sumatra Coffee

Nestled in the heart of Southeast Asia, Sumatra is home to a diverse ecosystem that nurtures the growth of some of the world’s most sought-after coffee beans. The island’s rich volcanic soil and unique processing methods give Sumatra coffee its unparalleled taste, featuring earthy undertones, spicy nuances, and a sweet complexity that sets it apart from other coffees.

The distinctive taste of Sumatra coffee emanates from the Giling Basah processing method, also known as wet hulling. This technique gives the beans a different flavor and reduces acidity, resulting in a rich, full-bodied taste that entices the palate. Coffee enthusiasts highly prize Sumatra coffee, attributing its appeal to optimal growing conditions yielding flavorful beans and the Giling Basah processing method that neutralizes acidity.

Earthy Undertones

Sumatra’s rich volcanic soil and unique processing methods contribute to the earthy flavors found in its coffee beans. The characteristics of Sumatran coffee include:

  • Rich and earthy flavors

  • Distinct flavor profile

  • Nutty undertones

  • Low acidity

The volcanic soil provides the necessary nutrients and minerals for the coffee plants to thrive, resulting in the distinct flavor profile of Sumatran coffee. The wet-hulling processing method, Giling Basah, further enhances these earthy flavors, setting Sumatra coffee apart from other beans.

While Sumatra coffee is known for its earthy undertones, it’s not alone – Costa Rican Poas Tierra Volcanica coffee and Poas Volcanic Earth blend also have a similar flavor profile, thanks to the mineral-rich volcanic soil they’re grown in.

Spicy Nuances

The wet hulling process and inherent bean characteristics give rise to the following flavors in Sumatra coffee:

  • Rich flavors of earthiness

  • Complexity

  • Cedar

  • Spice

  • Herbal notes

The wet hulling process imparts distinctive earthy, herbal, and sometimes spicy notes to the flavor profile.

Some specific Sumatra coffee varieties exhibit the following flavors:

  • Spicy

  • Earthy

  • Wild

  • Mushroomy

  • Fruity

  • Floral

With their rich flavor, these particular flavors make them a delightful experience for the adventurous coffee drinker.

Sweetness and Complexity

A combination of growing conditions, processing, and roasting techniques contribute to the sweetness and complexity of Sumatra coffee. The humid tropical climate, rich volcanic soil, and high altitudes contribute to the coffee’s sweetness and complexity. The wet hulling process, or Giling Basah, further enhances the sweetness and richness of the coffee by creating a unique drying method, signature characteristics of the beans, and a unique technique.

The end result is a rich, full-bodied cup with a smooth, sweet, and intense flavor that leaves a lingering sensation on the back corners of the tongue, with chocolatey notes in the finish.

The Role of Wet Hulling in Sumatra Coffee’s Quality

Coffee cherries being processed using the wet hulling method
Coffee cherries being processed using the wet hulling method

Wet hulling significantly impacts the quality of Sumatra coffee, adding to its full-bodied, smooth mouthfeel and preserving its distinctive flavors. During the wet hulling process, the de-pulped beans are left to ferment overnight before the remaining pulp is removed by hand and the beans are left to dry on a patio.

This unique processing method enhances the flavors and characteristics of the beans, making Sumatra coffee highly sought after by coffee drinkers worldwide.

Reducing Acidity

The wet hulling process in Sumatra coffee involves the following steps:

  1. Rapidly drying the coffee beans until they reach approximately 50% moisture.

  2. At this point, the beans are still swollen inside.

  3. Removing the hull and husk.

  4. Preparing the beans for export.

This process lowers acidity in Sumatra coffee, making it more palatable for those sensitive to acidic coffees.

This method is commonly used in Indonesia and contributes to Sumatra coffee’s smooth, earthy taste.

Enhancing Body and Mouthfeel

Wet hulling contributes to Sumatra coffee’s full-bodied, smooth mouthfeel, setting it apart from other coffee types. The wet hulling process in Sumatra coffee influences the mouthfeel by creating a rich robust, syrupy body with low acidity, resulting in a distinctive flavor profile that sets it apart from other coffee beans.

The wet hulling process and the unique growing conditions in Sumatra create a unique taste and aroma in its coffee, making it a favorite among coffee connoisseurs worldwide.

Preserving Distinctive Flavors

The wet hulling process helps preserve the unique flavors of Sumatra coffee, ensuring a rich and satisfying cup. During the wet hulling process, the beans are depulped and allowed to undergo fermentation in water-filled tanks. The beans are then hulled and dried, creating a rich and rustic flavor that is unique to Sumatra coffee.

This process, involving coffee cherries, results in a complex and piquant earthy chocolaty factor that is characteristic of Indonesian island coffee.

Sumatra Coffee Beans: Arabica vs Robusta

Sumatra coffee beans are primarily Arabica, with some Robusta beans also grown on the island. Arabica beans are known for their superior flavor, while Robusta beans have higher caffeine content but are less popular due to their harsh taste.

This section delves into the contrasts between Sumatra’s Arabica and Robusta beans, examining their flavor profiles, caffeine levels, and their appeal to coffee drinkers.

Flavor Differences

Arabica beans from Sumatra offer a more refined flavor profile compared to Robusta beans, which can be harsh and bitter. Sumatra Arabica coffee beans have a rich, full-bodied taste with a smooth, sweet, and intense flavor, while Robusta coffee beans tend to be nuttier, more bitter, and have a stronger, earthy flavor with higher acidity.

The superior taste of Sumatra Arabica coffee bean makes it highly sought after by coffee drinkers around the world.

Caffeine Content

For those wondering how much caffeine is in Sumatra Arabica beans, it’s important to note that they have similar caffeine levels to other Arabica beans, while Robusta beans contain more caffeine. Arabica beans, including Sumatra Arabica beans, generally contain less caffeine compared to Robusta beans, with Arabica beans having a caffeine content of 1-1.5%, while Robusta beans can have a caffeine content of 2-2.7%.

The choice between Arabica and Robusta beans ultimately depends on personal preferences, taking into account factors such as taste and desired caffeine content.

Quality and Popularity

Arabica beans from Sumatra are generally considered higher quality and more popular than Robusta beans due to their superior taste. The high demand for Sumatra Arabica coffee globally is evident, as it accounts for 30% of Indonesia’s total export value.

Additionally, the high temperatures in Sumatra also make it more suitable for growing Robusta beans, but the preference for Arabica beans’ mild, smooth, and well-balanced flavor makes them the more popular choice among coffee drinkers.

Roasting Techniques for Sumatra Coffee

Different roast levels of Sumatra coffee beans
Different roast levels of Sumatra coffee beans

Roasting techniques for Sumatra coffee vary, with dark roasting being the most common. However, medium and light roasts can also bring out different flavors and characteristics in the beans, offering a more personalized coffee experience.

This section delves into the different roasting techniques used by an artisan roaster for Sumatra coffee, exploring how each method can bring out the unique flavors and characteristics of the beans.

Dark Roasting

Dark roasting enhances the rich, earthy flavors of Sumatra coffee and is the most popular roast level for these beans. The ideal temperature for dark-roasting Sumatra coffee beans is around 425 to 435 degrees Fahrenheit (220 to 224 degrees Celsius).

Dark roasting can also decrease the caffeine content in Sumatra coffee, as the beans lose more caffeine in the roasting process.

Medium Roasting

Medium roasting can bring out more of the spicy and fruity notes in Sumatra coffee, offering a more balanced flavor profile. The ideal temperature for medium-roasted Sumatra coffee is between 160°C and 200°C (320°F to 392°F).

The medium roast allows the coffee’s natural sweetness and acidity to shine through, providing a well-rounded and enjoyable cup.

Light Roasting

Light-roasting Sumatra coffee can highlight its natural sweetness and acidity, providing a brighter and more delicate cup. The ideal temperature for light-roasting Sumatra coffee is generally between 370 and 400 degrees Fahrenheit (188 and 204 degrees Celsius).

It’s worth noting that many roasters prefer to roast Sumatra coffee towards the medium to dark side to bring out more sweetness and body.

Sustainable Farming and Fair Trade Practices

Sumatra coffee production highly values sustainable farming and fair trade practices, prioritizing environmental responsibility and social equity for coffee farmers and their communities.

This section outlines the significance of these practices and their contribution to the unique flavor and superior quality of Sumatra coffee.

Environmental Impact

Sustainable farming practices help minimize the environmental impact of coffee production in Sumatra, preserving the island’s natural resources. These practices include the conservation of biodiversity, the use of organic fertilizers, and the adoption of best agricultural practices.

Shade-grown coffee, fair trade, and rainforest alliance certifications further promote environmentally responsible and socially equitable agriculture.

Social Equity

Fairtrade practices promote social equity for Sumatra coffee farmers by:

  • Ensuring fair wages

  • Improving living conditions

  • Promoting fair prices

  • Providing safe working conditions

  • Encouraging sustainable farming practices

Additionally, fair trade initiatives and practices like Coffee and Farmer Equity (C.A.F.E.) Practices evaluate and reward producers of high-quality, socially responsible, and sustainably grown coffee.

Certified Coffees

Certified sustainable and fair trade Sumatra coffees are available for consumers who want to support these practices. Some examples of certified Sumatra coffee brands include Boulder Organic Coffee and Finger Lakes Coffee, which both offer sustainable and fair trade options for coffee lovers who want to enjoy a delicious cup while supporting responsible farming and trade practices.

Brewing Methods for the Best Sumatra Coffee Experience

French press with freshly brewed Sumatra coffee
French press with freshly brewed Sumatra coffee

Brewing styles, including the French press, pour-over, and cold brew, can enrich the flavors and traits of Sumatra coffee, delivering an exceptional tasting experience. This section examines various brewing methods for Sumatra coffee, highlighting how each technique amplifies the distinct flavors and characteristics of the beans.

French Press

French press brewing allows for full extraction of Sumatra coffee’s rich flavors and smooth body. The ideal water temperature for brewing Sumatra coffee in a French press is between 195°F (90°C) and 205°F (96°C).

A coarse to medium-coarse grind is recommended for brewing Sumatra coffee in a French press, and it should steep for about 4 minutes for optimal flavor extraction.

Pour-Over

Pour-over brewing can highlight the more delicate and nuanced flavors in Sumatra coffee, offering a clean and balanced cup. The ideal temperature for brewing Sumatra coffee using the pour-over method is between 160°C and 200°C (320°F to 392°F).

A medium-fine grind is recommended for brewing Sumatra coffee using pour-over, and it can bring out the earthy, spicy, wild, and ‘mushroomy’ notes of Sumatra coffee while maintaining a full body and low acidity.

Cold Brew

Cold brewing Sumatra coffee can bring out its natural sweetness and low acidity, making for a refreshing and smooth beverage. To cold brew Sumatra coffee, you can follow these steps:

  1. Measure and grind 22g of Sumatra coffee beans to a medium-fine consistency.

  2. In a large mason jar or coffee French press, add the ground coffee.

  3. Pour in cold water and stir to ensure all the coffee grounds are saturated.

  4. Seal the container and refrigerate for at least 12 hours, but up to 24 hours for a stronger flavor.

  5. After the steeping time, strain the cold brew using a fine-mesh sieve or a coffee filter.

  6. Serve the cold brew over ice and enjoy its smooth and flavorful taste.

Popular Sumatra Coffee Varieties

Varieties of Sumatra coffee beans
Varieties of Sumatra coffee beans

Mandheling, Lintong, and Gayo are among the popular Sumatra coffee varieties, each boasting unique flavor profiles and characteristics.

This section delves into these popular varieties, showcasing what makes them stand out from other Sumatra coffees.

Mandheling

Mandheling coffee is known for its full body, low acidity, and complex flavor profile, featuring earthy, chocolatey, and spicy notes. This coffee variety is named after the Mandailing people of North Sumatra and is considered one of the world’s top specialty coffees.

The unique growing conditions and processing methods of Mandheling coffee contribute to its distinctive taste, making it a favorite among coffee aficionados.

Lintong

Lintong coffee is grown in the highlands of North Sumatra and offers a bright, fruity acidity with a medium body and a clean finish. The beans are grown in the Lake Toba region, which provides the ideal climate and soil conditions for coffee cultivation.

The unique processing methods used in Lintong coffee production result in a distinctive flavor profile that is both complex and satisfying.

Gayo

Gayo coffee, grown in the Aceh region, is known for its bold, rich flavors, with notes of dark chocolate, spices, and a hint of smokiness. The coffee is grown in the Gayo Highlands, an area characterized by high altitudes and fertile volcanic soil, which contribute to the unique flavor of Gayo coffee.

The traditional processing methods used in Gayo coffee production emphasize the beans’ original flavors, resulting in a distinctive and memorable cup.

Pairing Sumatra Coffee with Food

Complementing Sumatra coffee with food can elevate the tasting experience, with both sweet and savory delights harmonizing with the coffee’s unique flavors. This section presents a selection of delectable food pairings that can enrich your Sumatra coffee experience.

Sweet Treats

Sweet treats like chocolate, pastries, and fruit can bring out the natural sweetness and complexity in Sumatra coffee. The earthy and spicy notes of Sumatra coffee pair well with desserts like chocolate, nut-based treats, and even cheese, creating a delightful and indulgent experience.

Some traditional Indonesian sweet treats that pair well with Sumatra coffee include Bika Ambon, a popular honeycomb cake from Medan, North Sumatra, and various Indonesian snacks.

Savory Snacks

Savory snacks, such as spiced nuts, aged cheeses, and cured meats, can complement the earthy and spicy notes in Sumatra coffee, creating a satisfying and well-rounded experience. The bold and intense flavors of Sumatra coffee can enhance the taste of savory snacks, providing a rich and distinctive flavor experience that is sure to please your palate.

So go ahead and indulge in your favorite savory snacks while sipping on a delicious cup of Sumatra coffee, one of the finest Sumatran coffees available.

Summary

In this blog post, we explored the unique flavors and characteristics of Sumatra coffee, delved into the wet hulling process and its impact on coffee quality, compared Arabica and Robusta beans, discussed various roasting techniques, and highlighted the importance of sustainable farming and fair trade practices. We also introduced popular Sumatra coffee varieties and suggested food pairings to enhance your coffee experience. We hope this journey into the world of Sumatra coffee has provided you with a deeper appreciation for its rich and complex flavors. So go ahead, brew a cup of Sumatra coffee, and savor the taste of this extraordinary Indonesian gem.

Frequently Asked Questions

Which coffee is better Sumatra or Colombian?

Sumatra coffee is bold, smoky and earthy with inconsistencies in flavor, while Colombian coffee is light, fruity and full-bodied with a hint of citrus acidity. For a complex and balanced sweetness, choose a combination of the two – Sumatra for depth and Colombia for brightness!

Does Sumatra coffee taste good?

Sumatran coffee has a full body, low acidity, and earthy, spicy notes that make it incredibly enjoyable for those looking for bolder, richer coffee. Its smoothness, sweetness, and complexity of flavor make it truly unique and delicious.

Is Starbucks Sumatra strong?

Yes, Starbucks Sumatra has a strong flavor that is smooth and no acidic aftertaste. It’s the perfect dark roast to sip on!

Why is Sumatra coffee so expensive?

Due to its unique flavor profile and the lack of any viable substitute, Sumatra coffee is in high demand and thus, commands a premium price.

What makes Sumatra coffee unique compared to other coffees?

Sumatra coffee stands out for its earthy, spicy, and sweet complexity, thanks to the rich volcanic soil, unique processing methods, and optimal growing conditions of the island.

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